Table 2. Effects of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) during in vitro maturation on sperm penetration and monospermic fertilization in porcine oocytes

ALA (µM)	No. of examined oocytes	Penetration (%)	IVF parameters
ALA (µM)	No. of examined oocytes	Penetration (%)	Monospermy (%)	IVF efficiency (%)
0	128	88.28±1.69^ab	42.97±2.33^b	48.67±0.95
25	131	92.37±3.18^a	53.44±3.71^a	57.85±2.68
50	120	93.33±0.86^a	52.50±3.00^a	56.25±2.74
100	116	83.62±1.54^b	47.41±2.19^ab	56.70±3.29

Mean values with different superscripts are significantly difference (p<0.05).
Monospermy, rate of monospermic zygotes to the number of total inseminated oocytes; IVF efficiency, rate of monosper-mic zygotes to the number of penetrated oocytes.