Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of various stem cells for cell-based therapy

Cell type Advantage Disadvantage
MSC Availability Easy to isolate and expand Multilineal differentiationImmunosuppressiveBoth of the autograft and allograft are possibleFree from ethical issuesLimited replicative lifespan(safe from malignant formation) Limited replicative lifespan(alteration of various functions including multipotency)
ESC Pluripotent (can differentiate into almost all types of cells) Ethical / political issuesRisk of teratoma formation after transplantation
iPSC Pluripotent as ESCsCan be derived from somatic cells Risk of teratoma formation after transplantation
MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; ESC: embryonic stem cell; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cell.