Table 1 Dimensions of body shape for kelp grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), red spotted grouper (E. akaara) and seven-banded grouper (E. septemfasciatus)

Classical dimension
Standard length (SL)	1×4
Most anterior extension of the head – origin of dorsal fin base	1×2
Most anterior extension of the head – origin of above caudal fin base	1×3
Most anterior extension of the head – origin of anal fin base	1×5
Most anterior extension of the head – origin of ventral fin base	1×6
Most anterior extension of the head – origin of pectoral fin base	1×7
Most anterior extension of the head – posterior aspect of operculum	1×8
Truss dimension
Origin of dorsal fin base – insertion of dorsal fin base	1×2
Origin of dorsal fin base – origin of anal fin base	1×6
Origin of dorsal fin base – origin of ventral fin base	1×7
Origin of dorsal fin base – origin of pectoral fin base	1×9
Origin of dorsal fin base – posterior aspect of operculum	1×11
Insertion of dorsal fin base – origin of above caudal fin base	2×3
Insertion of dorsal fin base – origin of bottom caudal fin base	2×4
Insertion of dorsal fin base – insertion of anal fin base	2×5
Origin of above caudal fin base – origin of bottom caudal fin base	3×4
Origin of above caudal fin base – insertion of anal fin base	3×5
Origin of above caudal fin base – origin of anal fin base	3×6
Origin of bottom caudal fin base – insertion of anal fin base	4×5
Insertion of anal fin base – origin of anal fin base	5×6
Origin of anal fin base – origin of ventral fin base	6×7
Origin of anal fin base – origin of pectoral fin base	6×9
Origin of anal fin base – posterior aspect of operculum	6×11
Origin of ventral fin base – posterior aspect of operculum	7×8
Origin of ventral fin base – origin of pectoral fin base	7×9
Origin of ventral fin base – posterior aspect of operculum	7×11
Origin of pectoral fin base – insertion of pectoral fin base	9×10
Origin of pectoral fin base – posterior aspect of operculum	9×11
Head part dimension
Head length (HL)	1×4
Most anterior extension of the head – above of nostril	1×2
Most anterior extension of the head – above of eye	1×3
Most anterior extension of the head – snout	1×5
Above of nostril – above of eye	2×3
Above of nostril – posterior aspect of operculum	2×4
Above of nostril – snout	2×5
Above of eye – posterior aspect of operculum	3×4
Above of eye – snout	3×5
Posterior aspect of operculum – snout	4×5
Eye diameter
Interorbital width